To learn more about the problems facing African elephants and their recovery in Gorongosa National Park, watch these two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census and all of Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Elephant tusks are important for obtaining food and water, and essential to male elephants for competing for mates, so there is a strong natural selection for having tusks. v0E H+1Q` d
Answers may vary. Additionally, disruptions to the same region of the X chromosome in humans is associated with a syndrome that usually causes male fetuses to abort in the second trimester. The study shows that tuskless male elephant offspring are not viable, meaning that population decline is accentuated, Pelletier says. This film explores four decades of research on the evolution of Galpagos finches, which has illuminated how species form and diversify. 255 0 obj
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In this article, professor Phil Gibson discusses how he uses modified version of our Data Point activities as simplified case studies. Elephants with large tusks are targeted by poachers, who sell the tusks on the ivory market. video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. Describe how biological sex and gender differ from each other. Elephant tusks are important for obtaining food and water, and essential to male elephants for competing for mates, so one might expect strong natural selection for having tusks. a. hb```f``z' B@QKm>%QXP^miq4YtnT50WS'.*^916SqKi"%df%IE400(wt@*06sx9 g! iU %%EOF
In this activity, students work with authentic research data to explore the impact of poaching on African elephants. The module also shows how mutations in genes that encode cell cycle regulators can lead to the development of cancer. Discover world-changing science. Use evidence-based predictions to explain how a population changes over time due to human impacts. %PDF-1.6
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The more killing there was, the more tuskless females you got. In this video, Poole explains a possible reason. We know we have a lot of work to do to address racial inequities in science teaching. This video presents an intriguing phenomenon: two patients who carry the same genetic variation, which is known to cause sickle cell disease, have very different outcomes. The frequency of tusklessness, the team found, increased from about 18.5 percent before the war to 50.9 percent after. Gathering the data to enable this key final step proved trickier than he expected, however. Provide evidence-based reasoning that uses available data to support a scientific claim. Poaching is artificially selecting for tuskless elephants who can better survive, mate, and pass on their genes to the next generation. 6. a. To prevent his AP Environmental Science students from having "problem fatigue," Florida educator Scott Sowell focuses on how environmental solutions are developed, justified, implemented, and evaluated. Most African . This has left a notable gap in the literature that the new paper helps to fill. hb```lRB This interactive module explores the diversity of viruses based on structure, genome type, host range, transmission mechanism, replication cycles, and vaccine availability. This interactive module explores examples of how changes in one species can affect species at other trophic levels and ultimately the entire ecosystem. This activity explores images of elephants with and without tusks, which serve as phenomena for learning about selection and human impacts on the frequency of traits within populations. 3. a. Most of the elephants killed naturally did have tusks. keyboard_arrow_up Show footer Examples range from classic case studies, such as the peppered moths of the U.K. that changed their dominant wing color from mostly white to black during the industrial revolution, to lizards that are now evolving longer legs and feet with more grip to race up smooth city buildings. Meat Only: 19 b. Tusks Only: 75 c. Meat and Tusks: 27 4. Hhmi Biointeractive Food Chains And Webs Answer Key Chlorophyll is the molecule in leaves that uses the energy in sunlight to turn water (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide gas (CO 2 ) into sugar and oxygen gas (O 2 ) 2008 Cadillac Sts Clicking Noise, How Is This Same Test Used To Test For The Presence Of HIV! Shane Campbell-Staton of Princeton University, co-lead author of the new paper, has spent his career studying the ways that humans force such evolutionary changes across the tree of life. But he found himself sucked into the mystery of tuskless elephants when he watched a YouTube video about the phenomenon. Instead of having sons and daughters at an equal proportion, tuskless mothers gave birth to daughters roughly two thirds of the time. Nature, in this case at least, seems to be correcting itself. Using those samples, they identified candidate regions in the genome that, when mutated, seemed to explain tusklessness and its apparent male lethality. But why werent there any tuskless males?. This study is among the first to show that selective killing of large vertebrates can have a direct impact on evolutionary change, says Fanie Pelletier, an ecologist at the University of Sherbrooke in Quebec, who co-authored a perspective piece in Science about the research. This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. endstream
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This video case study explores whether elephants can detect, interpret, and respond to signals delivered by underground vibrations. Resume watching the video until BioInteractive is offering free workshops for high school and undergraduate life and environmental science educators. Gorongosas elephant population declined by about 90 percent, from more than 2,500 individuals in 1972 to fewer than 250 in 2000. Scientists . Look up the definition of the term poaching and summarize your understanding of what it means in the space below. (The first six weeks, as well as the culminating project . Students use scientific evidence and reasoning to construct an explanation of and develop an argument for tusklessness in elephant populations. Students apply what they have learned to evaluate the results of different tests that have been used throughout sports history to qualify female athletes to compete. Scientific Explanation of Evolution by Natural Selection. This interactive, modular lab explores the evolution of the anole lizards in the Caribbean through data collection and analysis. Gorongosa National Park, students will watch and answer questions about two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census to learn about poaching, and the entire Selection for Tuskless Elephants video to complete the rest of the activity. The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation, The Origin of Species: The Beak of the Finch, Combatting Problem Fatigue Using BioInteractive Case Studies in an AP Environmental Science Course, Exploring Regeneration Using The Planarian, Priming and Prioritizing Facilitated Discussions, Teaching About Infectious Diseases Using the 5E Model, Simplifying Case Studies Using Data Points, HHMI Expands Commitment to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, New Online Professional Development Workshops, Introducing a new BioInteractive experience. Explore our digital archive back to 1845, including articles by more than 150 Nobel Prize winners. Answers may vary. After making these observations, Campbell-Staton decided it was time to use a whole-genome analysis to pinpoint the potential genetic factors. Only Meat: 19/129 * (100%) = 14.73% b. Using Pooles database, they further confirmed that, with a single exception, female elephants with two tusks had never been observed to have a tuskless baby. This interactive module explores the phases, checkpoints, and protein regulators of the cell cycle. Teaching an Online Introductory Biology Lab Using Evolution and Ecology Resources, Why no tusks? Articles that connect current events to BioInteractive resources. chromosome, differences in sex development (DSD), estrogen, Olympics, ovary, primary/secondary sex characteristic, sex determining region Y (SRY), testes, testosterone, X inactivation. It seemed simple enoughexcept we drove all day, every day for a week and didnt see a single elephant.. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. Description This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. 318 0 obj
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2 This tool can be used to add pause points, questions, and labels to any BioInteractive video. 0
Its something I had puzzled over for so long, says Poole, co-founder and scientific director of ElephantVoices, a nonprofit science and conservation organization. More than 30 years later, she finally may have her answer. The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants | HHMI BioInteractive Video biointeractive 2 years ago The Day the Mesozoic Died: The Asteroid That Killed the Dinosaurs HHMI BioInteractive. This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. Working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, Dr. Joyce Poole and colleagues make a striking observation: many female elephants lack tusks. Let's Go! Please see the Terms of Use for information on how this resource can be used. HS-LS4-2, HS-LS4-3, HS-LS4-4, HS-LS4-5; SEP1, SEP5, SEP6, EVO-1.E, EVO-1.G, SYI-2.B, SYI-3.D; SP3, SP4, SP5, SP6, Topic(s): 2.1, 2.6, 9.10 Online and in-person professional learning workshops led by educators. This interactive video explores how scientists identify which bat populations are infected with Nipah virus and could transmit the virus to humans. Data Points are useful resources that use figures from the primary literature and guided sets of supporting questions. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Statistical Data Explorer. Continue reading with a Scientific American subscription. As of 2014, about 350,000 savanna elephants were living in Africa. No rights are granted to use HHMIs or BioInteractives names or logos independent from this Resource or in any derivative works. Most African elephants have tusks, but someabout 2 to 6% of females and even fewer malesnever grow them. Suggest some ways to reduce the number of elephants that are illegally killed each year. Description. Not all downloadable documents for the resource may be available in this format. Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. The researchers first needed to determine whether it was actually the selection from poaching that led to a disproportionate number of tuskless individuals or if it was just some fluke of chance that emerged as the population crashed. Create your free account or Sign in to continue. 11{TO8+J1FOf%E%12Xbtb?S`8,A 7 \K(Dc6@ UJ
7. In this video, biologist Shane Campbell-Staton walks through the steps of collecting DNA samples from elephants in Gorongosa National Park and how he plans to analyze their DNA sequences.For more information and related materials, visit HHMI BioInteractive:https://www.biointeractive.org/classroom-resources/genetics-tusklessness-elephants Africa, adaptation, Gorongosa, microevolution, scientific methodology, scientific process, selective pressure, trait. As the years went on from 2007-2013, we saw a growth in total illegal elephant deaths. Anatomy & Physiology Scientific Skills & Literacy Click & Learn High School General High School AP/IB College Selection for Tuskless Elephants %PDF-1.6
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Discover implementation ideas, lesson sequences, resource modifications, quick tips, and more in this collection of videos and in-depth articles. Watch the . This data-driven activity accompanies the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Analyze quantitative data in order to make predictions based on evidence. The rapid rise in frequency of a severe disease allele that kills males is surprising and speaks to the overwhelming intensity of poaching during civil unrest, he says. PART 2: Video Activity . One type of evidence they use is genetic data. Scientific Explanation of Evolution by Natural Selection. 415 0 obj
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In Gorongosa National Park, Poole found that among the older female elephants that survived a period of heavy poaching in the park, over 50% are tuskless. This video follows ecologist Caitlin O'Connell-Rodwell, who is studying how elephants can communicate over long distances using low-frequency sounds that travel both in the air and through the ground. Many families lacked older femalesand many of those females had no tusks. Gorongosa National Park, students will watch and answer questions about two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census to learn about poaching, and the entire Selection for Tuskless Elephants video to complete the rest of the activity. The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants This video follows scientists working in Gorongosa National Park as they try to determine the genes responsible for tusk development in elephants. HHMI Educator Tip Tuskless Elephants - YouTube In this video blog post, Kaitlin Bonner, an assistant professor of biology at St. John Fisher College in Rochester, NY, explains how she uses. Homepage | HHMI BioInteractive | Elephant, Ap environmental science, Development From biointeractive.org Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. 482 0 obj
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The story of African elephants is a powerful case study of how science can inform conservation.
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